AP美国历史改革新题(带答案)

　　AP美国历史改革新题(带答案)，供大家参考，同学们全力备考，冲击AP考试高分。

　　APUSH has been reformed this year. One element of this reform is the inclusion of a “Short-Answer” section. Students will have 50 minutes to complete four Short-Answer questions, each with a part a, b, and c.The answer should NOT have a thesis, but the student must provide a coherent response for each component of the question.

　　For the question above, the students must be able to compare the cultural values and attitudes of different European and native peoples in the colonial period and explain how contact altered their relationships and conflicts. The student must also show change and continuity over time.

　　A response could include the following examples, or examples similar to these. The students should aim to be concise, but provide adequate detail to show mastery over the subject matter.

　　a) The encomienda system transformed life for many Native Americans, who were enslaved and/or subjected to forced labor. In the encomienda, the Spanish crown granteda Spanish person a number of natives. The Spanish colonizer would convert the natives to Christianity, instruct them in the Spanish language, and provide some protection against warring tribes in exchange for labor and “tribute.”

　　b) Native American population declined dramatically as a result of disease and warfare, leading to “mourning wars” between Native American tribes. The exchange of disease is a negative component of the “Columbian Exchange.” Europeans brought diseases such as small pox and measles that devastated Native populations, which lacked immunity. The slave trade exacerbated conflict among native tribes. The resulting Iroquois mourning wars were designed to repopulate tribes devastated by enslavement, war, and disease.

　　c) Some Native American people responded to European contact with violence and warfare, as in Metacom’s Rebellion ( King Philip’sWar ). The war, which took place between 1675 and 1678 in present-day New England, was the most devastating in early British colonial history. Metacom was a Wampanoag leader who reacted against the Pilgrim settlers’ encroachment in his people’s land with violence. Metacom was coerced into signing a treaty that stipulated the surrender of Native weapons. When several Wampanoags were hung for themurder of a Christianized native, Metacom’s alliance launched a united attackon colonial towns throughout the region. The colonial population was literally decimated, loosing one tenth of all men available for military service by the time the Treaty of Casco was signed in 1678. This conflict shows the intense resistance of certain Native American groups to subjugation.

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